Greek nouns and the article
Greek has an article that declines with its noun: ὁ, ἡ, τό. Article and ending together show the gender, number and case of a word.
Why
In a Greek text you read τὸν ἵππον. Is the horse doing something here, or is something happening to the horse?
As in Latin, the role of a word in the sentence depends on its case. Greek gives you extra help: it has an article, and the article changes along with the noun. τόν only goes with an accusative masculine singular. So the horse is the direct object.
Knowing the article gives you a compass in every Greek sentence. If you do not know the gender of a word, the article gives it away: ὁ masculine, ἡ feminine, τό neuter.
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